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Executive Women's Forum - Information Security, Risk Management and Privacy
Kenneth F. Belva

Apple on DRM: Its Relevance to Our Virtual Trust Paper

Sam and I noted in our Virtual Trust (VT) paper that DRM was used to create the necessary trust in order for Apple to sell electronic music.

Slashdot quotes Jobs as saying:

Much of the concern over DRM systems has arisen in European countries. Perhaps those unhappy with the current situation should redirect their energies towards persuading the music companies to sell their music DRM-free.

Jobs further notes:

Convincing them to license their music to Apple and others DRM-free will create a truly interoperable music marketplace. Apple will embrace this wholeheartedly.

Sam and I stated that DRM was used to create the necessary Virtual Trust relationships to enable electronic music. We did not say that DRM was the only mechanism that may be used to create Virtual Trust.

We wrote that,

In the case of iTunes, DRM works by restricting the number of CPUs on which the .mp3 will play. The songs are also stored in a proprietary, encrypted format. These two factors, at minimum, erect a prohibitive barrier and thereby reduce the likelihood that an end user will trade songs. The various security mechanisms used by Apple’s iTunes DRM created the Virtual Trust necessary to persuade the music industry that their rights will be protected digitally and be profitable.

DRM is used to create and enforce the existing music industry policy and their current requirements. Should this change, then naturally the VT mechanisms will change to protect the data to the extent to which the music industry feels comfortable.

VT will still be used to create new revenue streams and support older ones. It’s just that the mechanisms in the case may change. This change of security mechanisms is consistent with our paper.

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